Osteoarthritis of the knee joint is one of the most common diseases of the musalosheletal system, and unfortunately, the most common cause of mobility, disability and sometimes disability loss.With arteries, the cartilage of lines lines on the articular surface causes irreversible, and cause the joint to work properly and cause pain.
Officially, the disease is called "deformed osteoarthritis";Another name gonarthroos (ancient Greek "Goni" - from the knee).Knee joints are the biggest joints in the human body and are the most affected osteoarthritis.Fewer, the disease affects hip and ankle joints.
How does gonarthrosis take place?
Normally, healthy cartilage is elastic and smooth, completely covers the moving areas of the bone and allows you to slide.The stress of cartilage and soften the stress of the bones while walking or exercising.
When the cartilage is destroyed (this arthrosis is indicating itself), the topsoil of this elastic texture is thin.Sometimes the cartilage destroys, tears appear - the co-key "shock absorption" and "bearing" loses.Bones appear in pain and pain by longing for each other, joint swelling, gradually the normal appearance.
Causes of gonarthrosis and risk factors
Osteoarthritis deforatives are older, more common in overweight women, but this does not mean that young and physically active people do not suffer from this pathology.Sometimes the development of the disease is provoked with extreme stress in severe physical labor or gym.
This is far from the full list of the reasons for the artery of the knee joint:
- Sports injuries - meniscal injuries, broken and displacement;
- inflammatory processes in the joints and in churches;
- Metabolic disorders - some diseases cause articular deposits;
- Joint extreme stress, including physical work related to long-lasting stopping or heavy lifting;
- In the joints of the legs, the uneven cargo in the joints shows itself faster in extreme loaded areas.
It depends on many of the genes - a person can be a legacy of the artery of knee joints.In such people, the gene in response to the development and stability of cartilage tissue is violated.
There are several factors that increase the risk of gonarthrosis:
- increased body weight.Because of the increasing cargo, the cartilage tissue is faster;
- Age over 40 years old.Most people of this age have reduced their physical activity.Physical inactivity, atrophy of muscles, weak muscle tissue combinations do not provide properly and increase the risk of cartilage damage.
Symptoms of Artrosis
Osteoarthritis of the knee joint is not a disease that may seem.Preturns himself in advance and start with a little pain on the knee while walking.If you have to go up or down the stairs, the pain may increase.As a rule, the knee hurts at the head of the movement, then the pain disappears and loads the joint load again.
If you ignore these symptoms and do not appeal to a doctor about them, the disease will start progress.Then the pain will change without continuing, and the knee will begin to damage even more in the rest.As the cartilage deteriorates, the mobility of the entire combination will be limited.
Some people see the changes in the knees "reaction".This really happens - the nerve ends in the joint capsule are sensitive to changes in the atmospheric pressure.
The following symptoms are characteristic of gonarthrosis:
- knee pain while moving and walking;
- In the morning stiffness in the knee combination, when the motion range is minimal;
- swelling of the knee;
- While moving, dry and rough whipping sound - This sound occurs due to friction of articular surfaces.
Symptoms will change as the disease progresses:
- Pain will bother you in the rest of you too;
- Jointly deformed and loses their function;
- The gait will change according to the deformation of the knee.
Gonarthrosis rates
There are 3 stages of artery of the knee joint.
Grade 1The disease is almost asymptomatic.It starts with the first manifestations of the disease - almost painless, for example, fatigue in the feet - and the first bone deformities continue until the first bone deformities appear.Due to Sinovit, the knees changed - that is, due to the collection of the joint fluid, but the whole cartilage will not be harmed, the disease is still in the 1st phase.
2nd degreecharacterized by progressive changes in bone tissue.Externally, the knee may seem the same as in stage 1 - deformed and increased in size.Pain increases: In addition to the incoming pain in the action, the affected knee is added to the crapitus (whisk).The joint becomes less mobile, squat and walk on uneven surfaces.
3rd degreeGonartrous degree is the most painful.At this stage, there is almost cartilage tissue, the disease is severe, the bones can grow together.Then the joint becomes completely immobilized and man should just move with the help of a cutch or stick.At this point, doctors give a judgment about the endoprostic of the damaged joint.
IMPORTANT: Only one doctor can determine the exact degree of development of the disease.Sometimes the disease with moderate symptoms, the disease has a serious impact on the cartilage membrane - therefore additional research is made for a clear diagnosis:
- Radiography - to see what is deformed by cardagin surfaces and see what the place is for the place;
- CT or MRI - For more detailed research.
How is the diagnosis of gonarthroos and treat?
Recalling the first thing to remind, in time, diagnosis and early treatment will help stop the disease.Therefore, the appearance of the first concern in the middle of the knee is a good reason to visit a doctor and take a test.
Doctors diagnose osteoarthritis diagnosis only based on medical history, complaint and knee joint.The results of additional work also play an important role - often determined to clarify the stage of gonarthrosis and the severity of the disease.
To accurately diagnose the arthrobis of the knee combination, doctors usually determine the following:
- Radiography.If pathological processes on the knee start - for example, the fields of calcium crystals or bone tumors in the joint capsule appeared - these changes will appear in the pictures.Doctors often set x-ray examinations often, but without a comprehensive examination of the knee joint, the condition of his mobility and the state of the muscles that support it;
- Ultrasound - can be used to assess the condition of soft tissues covering and plain tissues.Ultrasound complements the results of radiography that the doctor can only see changes in the tissues, not only in bone structures;
- MRI - Magnetic Resonance Image.If the doctor damages meniscus, ligaments or tendons, a MRI is set for complaints of knee pain;
- Arthroscopy is an invasive examination that the joint cavity is investigated from inside using a camera.The cameras are included through small cuts of leather;Through the same cuts, doctors can manipulate small manipulations - for example, remove the broken piece of cartilage, break the unequacy in the cartilage tissue, etc.
The treatment of arthrosis is generally carried out by drugs to overcome the pain, to eliminate pain, and to improve joint mobility and to act.Arthrosis causes irreversible changes in cartilage tissue - it is not possible to talk about a full treatment.However, it is possible to stop the progress of the disease and thus slow down the destruction of tissue.
Standard treatment for gonarthroos looks like this:
- Local treatment tools - Patches, creams, ointments and gels;
- painkillers;
- Anti-inflammatory drugs, especially steroidal.Their use is considered the "gold standard" of medicine, but such drugs destroy the stomach mucosa;
- Blocks and chondroprotants - the effect of the effect that appears only after a long use course;
- Rarely - physiotherapy and sanatorium treatment.
There are tips of orthopedic knee bags to support and reduce pain.However, all the methods listed above are the methods of passive impact on the activities of the combination.
This treatment only eliminates some symptoms - neutralizes the pain, inhibit inflammatory processes, etc.In the last stages of osteoarthritis, a person is not only the ability to work, but also loses its ability to move.In such cases, there should be a common prosthesis - that is, an artificial structure should be included in the knee.Such surgery does not pass without leaving a trace and does not apply its limits - and therefore reduce the quality of life.
The joint asset methods have a completely different effect, when the body uses its own sources, the tone of the muscles that provide a combination with blood and nutrients.This kind of treatment is the most effective if it is under the supervision of qualified and experienced doctors.
Treatment of gonarthrosis
Kinesheraphy, ie action therapy, activates the body's own forces.The correct selected cargo, enhance the necessary muscles and enhances the muscle corset, improving the situation of joints and cartilage.
Through the treatment with Kinesherapy is a comprehensive examination and definitely starts the micofiacial test.A kineesherapist examines the condition of the wound knee, analyzes the state of muscle tissue, tendon and ligaments.Ultrasound, CT, CT, MRI and radiography, gonarthrosis rate are determined and the program is compiled in the therapeutic exercise program.
Classes are carried out in a multifunctional simulator - a special simulator with a special design.Exercises are carried out in this way to prevent the excessive stress of the compound and only to be strengthened and developed in these muscles.In the initial stages, patients are designated in the surface joint gymnastics - composed of matte exercises without weight.
Kinesherapy's therapeutic effect is provided with blood micro turnover and the restoration of improved lymphatic drains.The cartilage is more fed, the development of arthropons slow down into a full stop and the biomechanics of the articular combination is fully restored.
Such a serious illness is not taken into account as arthrosis of knee joints.The best way to prevent this is to carry a healthy lifestyle: a balanced diet, physical activity.However, if the problems in the joints have already started, you should not wait for serious warning signs - in the first symptoms for asking for help from qualified doctors.